Introduction

Many verses in the Holy Bible (and in particular, in uncorrupted versions of the Holy Bible^1,2,3,4) reflect and confirm planar earth geocentrism. The following (non-exhaustive) list of five major attributes of the geocentric planar earth (with supporting verses from the referenced uncorrupted versions of the Holy Bible) is presented to the reader:

I. The Large-Scale Structure of the Earth’s Surface Is That of a Round (Circular), Immovable Plane,

II. The Entirety of the Earth’s Surface Is Oriented Towards Heaven Above,

III. The Directional Orientation of the Earth's Surface is Perfectly Stable,

IV. The Earth Is Borne Upon the Waters, and

V. There Is a Protective and Impenetrable Dome Firmament Above the Earth’s Atmosphere.

I. The Large-Scale Structure of the Earth’s Surface Is That of a Round (Circular), Immovable Plane

Note: As a prerequisite for understanding the earth as a circular, immovable plane, the reader should review our preceding web page titled, Part B: The Corrupted Challoner Revision of the Douay-Rheims Holy Bible (1749–1752) in relation to the word gyrum (Latin) in Isaiah 40:22 and its translation as compaſſe (Early Modern English), i.e., compass.

The circular nature of the earth is also indicated by the Holy Bible in a reference to the earth’s absolute immobility, viz., Psalm 92:1. Not only does this verse state the absolute immobility of the earth, the Latin Vulgate version introduces another word for circle, viz., orbem,⁵ that is translated as round in the original Douay-Rheims edition:

[…] Etenim firmauit orbem terrae, qui non commouebitur.
— liber psalmorvm, xcii:1, Biblia Sacra, Vvlgatae Editionis (1598 A.D.)

[…] For he hath eſtablished h the round world, which i shal not be moued.
h Not only in Iurie and Samaria, but the whole earth : i and the ſame Church ſhal not be deſtroyed.
— the booke of psalmes, xcii:1, Holie Bible, Doway-Rhemes Edition (1582, 1609, 1610 A.D.)

Thomas Elyot translates orbis (the genitive form) as a cerkle. Alſo the worlde.⁶ A current Latin-English dictionary offers a similar translation, viz., disc, circle; orb; ring; wheel; circuit; the world.⁷ Again, as in the case of the word gyrum, orbem cannot be translated into the word globe or the word sphere but can be translated into the word round, representing in this case, something having essentially a (2-dimensional) circular nature. Hence, the Latin phrase orbem terrae is literally describing the large-scale structure of the world, viz. the earth’s surface, as being a disc or circle.⁸

The Holy Bible also includes a direct reference to the planar attribute of the earth’s surface, viz., Apocalypse 20:8⁹ as follows:

* Et aſcenderunt ſuper latitudinem terrae, & circuierunt caſtra ſanctorum, & ciuitatē dilectam.
— apocalypsis beati ioannis apostoli, xx:8, Biblia Sacra, Vvlgatae Editionis (1598 A.D.)

† And they aſcended vpon the bredth of the earth, and compaſſed the campe of the Sainctes, and the beloued citie.
— the apocalypse of iohn the apostle, 20:8, Holie Bible, Doway-Rhemes Edition (1582, 1609, 1610 A.D.)

Thomas Elyot translates the Latin word latitudo (-dinis) into the 1538 Early Modern English word bredthe.¹⁰ The corresponding Greek word for the Apocalypse 20:8 words latititudinem (Latin) and bredth (1610 Early Modern English) is πλάτος (plátos) as revealed in the following Greek version of Apocalypse 20:8 in Codex Vaticanus (1209 A.D.):

καὶ ἀνέβησαν ἐπὶ τὸ πλάτος τῆς γῆς καὶ ἐκύκλευσαν τὴν παρεμβολὴν τῶν ἁγίων καὶ τὴν πόλιν τὴν ἠγαπημένην.
— Aποκάλυψις, p. 1535, Codex Vaticanus (1209 A.D.)¹¹

The standard (classical) Greek-English reference (A Greek-English Lexicon),¹² translates the English word breadth into the Greek word *πλατύς (platús),¹³ attributing the words flat and level in addition to the words wide and broad to *πλατύς or πλατέα. Indeed, various forms of the Greek root “πλατ-” or “plat-” are in many English words that typically refer to things that have a broad or flat nature such as piazza, place, plaice, plateau, platitude, platyhelminth, platypus, Platyrrhini, platysma, Platyzoa, and plaza.¹⁴

II. The Entirety of the Earth’s Surface Is Oriented Towards Heaven Above

The preceding passages from the Holy Bible establish both the circularity and planarity of the large-scale structure of earth’s surface. And based on the morphological attribute of planarity, the Holy Bible also establishes the earth’s position cosmologically in terms of its definitive, directional orientation relative to heaven that would not be possible if the shape of its surface was other than planar, specifically, Exodus 20:4 as follows:

* ^‖Non facies tibi ſculptile, neque omnem ſimilitudinem quae eſt in caelo deſuper, & quae in terra deorſum, nec eorum quae ſunt in aquis ſub terra. ^‖Deu.5.a.6 Pſ.80.c.11.96. b.7 Leui.26.a.1 Deu.4.c15 Ioſ.24.d.14
— liber exodi, hebraice veelle semoth xx:4, Biblia Sacra, Vvlgatae Editionis (1598 A.D.)

† Thou shalt not make to thee ″ a ^⸬ grauen thing, nor any ſimilitude that is in heauen aboue, & that is in the earth beneth, neither of thoſe thinges that are in the waters vnder the earth.
⸬ In Hebrew Peſel,^[15] in Greek είδωλον, in Latin ſculptile, in English a grauen thing.^[16]
— the booke of exodvs, in hebrew veelle semoth 20:4, Holie Bible, Doway-Rhemes Edition (1582, 1609, 1610 A.D.)

Exodus 20:4 clearly reveals the orientation of earth relative to heaven; in Latin, by the prepositions deſuper, i.e., desuper (literally, from above), and deorſum, i.e., deorsum; and in the original English translation, by the prepositions aboue, i.e., above, and beneth, i.e., beneath. The described orientation can only be interpreted in repect of the entirety of the earth’s surface, not just a specific part. Indeed, the only point on an allegedly spheroidal earth that could be considered geometrically normal to heaven is the (alleged) North Pole (that in reality is the actual center of the planar earth). All other points on such a surface would be either at an angle to heaven or (if below the equator) oriented away from heaven. Hence, the Holy Bible confirms the earth’s planarity.

III. The Directional Orientation of the Earth's Surface is Perfectly Stable

The Holy Bible further posits the stability of that directional orientation. As stated in Psalms 103:5, the earth is not inclined but is inherently stable in its natural orientation:

* Qui fundaſti terram ſuper ſtabilitatem ſuam : non inclinabitur in ſaeculum ſaeculi.
— liber psalmorvm, ciii: 5, Biblia Sacra, Vvlgatae Editionis (1598 A.D.)

† Which haſt founded the earth vpon f the ſtabilitie therof: it shal not be inclined for euer and euer: f: Moſt firmly eſtablished by natural weight, in the center of the world.
— the booke of psalmes, ciii: 5, Holie Bible, Doway-Rhemes Edition (1582, 1609, 1610 A.D.)

Psalms 103:5 destroys the myth of the earth’s axial tilt or obliquity and its alleged precessional motion; in Latin, by the words ſtabilitatem, i.e., stabilitatem, and non inclinabitur; and in the original English translation, by the words ſtabilitie, i.e., stabilitie, and not be inclined.

IV. The Earth Is Borne Upon the Waters

A corollary to the basic shape of the large-scale structure of the earth’s surface being that of a circular plane, is the physical support of that structure as exposited by Saint Chrysostom, one of the fathers of the Eastern Orthodox Church, who (in reference to Psalm 23:2) states:¹⁷

[…] When therefore thou beholdest not a small pebble, but the whole earth borne upon the waters, and not submerged, admire the power of Him who wrought these marvellous things in a supernatural manner! And whence does this appear, that the earth is borne upon the waters? The prophet declares this when he says, “He hath founded it upon the seas, and prepared it upon the floods.”¹⁸ […]

* Quia ipſe ſuper maria fundauit eum : & ſuper flumina praeparauit eum.
— liber psalmorvm, xxiii: 2, Biblia Sacra, Vvlgatae Editionis (1598 A.D.)

Becauſe he hath founded it vpon the seas : and vpon the riuers hath prepared it.
— the booke of psalmes, xxiii: 2, Holie Bible, Doway-Rhemes Edition (1582, 1609, 1610 A.D.)

That the earth is borne upon the waters (Psalm 23:2) is actually corroborated by Job 38:30 concerning the physical nature of abyssal waters:

* In ſimilitudinem lapidis aquae durantur, & ſuperficies abyſſi conſtringitur.
— liber iob, xxxviii: 30, Biblia Sacra,Vvlgatae Editionis (1598 A.D.)

Waters are hardned like ſtone, and the face of the depth is congealed.
— the booke of iob, xxxviii: 30, Holie Bible, Doway-Rhemes Edition (1635 A.D.)¹⁹

V. There Is a Protective and Impenetrable Dome Firmament Above the Earth’s Atmo[*sphere*]²⁰

Whereas the Holy Bible also refers to a protective and impenetrable firmament above the earth, readers should be aware of its location in relation to the earth’s surface. The Holy Bible is crystal clear on that matter as Genesis 1:20 and Job 37:18 attest.

Genesis 1:20 points out that the firmament is at the upper boundary of earthly processes:

* Dixit etiam Deus: Producant aquae reptile animae viuentis, & volatile ſuper terram ſub firmamento caeli.
— liber genesis, hebraice beresith, i: 20, Biblia Sacra, Vvlgatae Editionis (1598 A.D.)

† God alſo ſaid: Let the waters bring forth creeping creature hauing life, and flying foule, ouer the earth vnder the firmament of heauen.
— the booke of genesis, in hebrew beresith, I: 20, Holie Bible, Doway-Rhemes Edition (1609 A.D.)

Genesis 1:20 clearly distinguishes the (fluid) atmo[sphere] above the earth from the (solid) firmament of heaven; in Latin, by the prepositions super (terram) and sub (firmamento caeli), and in the original English translation by the prepositions ouer, i.e., over (the earth) and vnder, i.e., under (the firmament of heaven).

Job 37:18 establishes the solidity of the firmament:

* Tu forſitan cum eo fabricatus es caelos, qui ſolidiſſimi quaſi aere fuſi ſunt.
— liber iob, xxxvii: 18, Biblia Sacra, Vvlgatae Editionis (1598 A.D.)

† Thou perhaps madſt the heauens with him, which are moſt ſound, caſt as it were of braſſe.
— the booke of iob, xxxvii: 18, Holie Bible, Doway-Rhemes Edition (1635 A.D.)

Job 37:18 refers to the firmament as being solid; in Latin, by the words ſolidiſſimi (solidissimi) and aere, and in the original English translation, by the words ſound (sound) and braſſe (brass).

Finally, reader, if the warning given by the Holy Bible in 1 Timothy 6:20–21 (posted at the beginning of this folder in Biblical Confirmation of Planar Earth Geocentrism) had been heeded over the last two millennia, the pernicious, pre-Christian, heliocentric world view would not have been re-born in the early modern period, with its resultant disastrous influence on the last five hundred years of history. While heliocentrism and its political offspring including globalism remain a clear and present danger to humanity, credible late nineteenth and early twentieth century challenges to that world view have been revitalized in recent years. Aided by a pervasive plethora of modern investigative and communication technologies, those challenges will eventually overwhelm the existing paradigm. But while the tide is turning, the warning is repeated:

* 20 O Timothee, depoſitum cuſtodi, deuitans profanas vocum nouitates, & oppoſitiones falſi nominis ſcientiae, * 21 quam quidam promittentes, circa ſidem exciderunt. Gratia tecum. Amen.
— epistola beati pavli apostoli ad timothevm prima, vi: 20–21, Biblia Sacra, Vvlgatae Editionis (1598 A.D.)

† 20 O Timothee, keepe the "depoſitum, auoiding the" profane ^cnouelties of voices, & oppoſitions of" falſely called knovvledge. † 21 Vvhich certaine promiſing, haue erred about the faith. Grace be vvith thee. Amen.
(^cκαινοφωνίας. S. Chryſoſtom)
— the first epistle of s. pavl to timothee, vi: 20–21, Holie Bible, Doway-Rhemes Edition (1582, 1609, 1610 A.D.)

— FINIS —

The reader is advised to proceed to Heliocentrism Refuted: Experimental Proof of a Stationary Earth.

UPDATE May 1, 2024: PLANE GEODESY has undertaken a project to provide a highly readable transcription of The Apocalypse of Saint John the Apostle from the 1582 Rheims New Testament. Check it out. See Blog C: The Apocalypse of Saint John the Apostle.